Texas Holdem Wann Split Pot
Figuring
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(the
Texas Holdem Split Pot Rules
for a single game) is one of the most misunderstood and misused concepts for beginning poker players. In this section, simple and straightforward computations are used. And for all examples, unless otherwise noted, Texas Hold'em is the poker game being played. For a comprehensive look on how to play Texas Hold'em, click here.Learning how to calculate pot odds puts the concept of risk and reward into a numerical computation. For those of you who aren't confident in your math skills, don't worry. It is not complicated, and with a little practice you will be able to figure your pot odds in no time. The following examples will illustrate pot odds. We will use a minimum bet of $1 and a maximum bet of $2 Hold'em for simplicity.
You are betting last of the six players in the pot for $1 each to see the flop. This makes the pot $6. You hold A-Q, and the flop comes K-Q-6.
©2006 Publications International, Ltd. A pair of queens with a possible ace-high flush. |
Poker Texas Holdem Split Pot
must improve in order to win.Now you must decide how many unseen cards can help you win. These cards are called your 'outs,' and this terminology will be used from here on. (One question that is often asked is: 'The other players have cards in their hands that cannot come to me on the turn or the river, so how can I count them in the cards that will improve my hand?' The answer is: You must count all cards that can help you because you have no way of knowing what cards are in your opponents' hands, even if it is quite likely that they hold certain cards. Therefore, all unseen cards need to be counted.)
Because you have a pair of queens, you must assume that if either of the other two queens hit, it will improve your hand to make you the winner. There are also three remaining aces that will improve you to two pair. This makes five outs. In addition, if any club hits, it will give you an ace high flush. So you have nine other outs (the remaining clubs). This gives you 14 outs. Now you have seen five cards (your hole cards and the three on the flop) out of a 52 card deck. This leaves 47 unseen cards before the turn. This means that 14 out of 47 cards can come on the turn and improve your hand, and 33 will not help you at all. This makes the odds roughly 2.4 to 1.
The easiest way to figure this is to see how many times your 14 outs will divide into the 33 cards that will not help you. You don't have to figure this out exactly to know if it is correct to call or not.
Because 2 times 14 is 28, which is a little less than 33, and 3 times 14 equals 42, you know the number is closer to two than three, or your odds of winning are closer to 2 to 1 than 3 to 1. This means that for it to be correct for you to call, there must be at least 2.4 times the amount you must call in the pot. In other words, the amount you must risk, in this case $1, must have a reward of at least $2.40 when you hit your hand. In the example above, there is $9 in the pot, and you have to call only $1 to see the turn. Since the pot is offering you 9 to 1 odds, the correct play is to call or raise, which we will discuss shortly.
Pot odds boil down to percentages. The pot must be large enough to pay enough extra on the times you do hit your hand to make up for the losses when you don't. The key is to get your money into the pot when you have the best hand. If you use pot odds correctly, you will be well on your way to becoming a lifelong winner.
Continuing the above example, you call the bet on the flop, increasing the pot to $10. The turn card is 8, which does not improve your hand. You still have the same number of outs, 14, but one less unseen card, 46. Notice that your pot odds are almost the same, roughly 2.3 to 1. The first player bets $2, making the pot $12, and the other two players fold. The bet you must now call is $2 into a $12 dollar pot. This reduces down to 6 to 1 odds (12 divided by 2 equals 6, and 2 divided by 2 equals 1). Once again the correct play is to call. Notice that at this time, if you don't improve on the river, you can fold, and if you do improve, you can bet or raise.
The above example is fairly simple, but what has been said is not everything you must consider.
Actually, after the flop you can improve on either the turn or the river cards. This means that you have 14 outs two times, which if you consider both the turn and the river, your pot odds are actually .95 to 1. Any time your pot odds are less than 1 to 1, you are a favorite to win. In this case the correct play is often a raise instead of a call.
Some players use the combined odds for both the turn and river while others use them separately. If you use the turn odds on the turn, reevaluate the situation after the turn card is revealed, and use the pot odds on the river separately. The problem when using the combined odds is that you almost have to call on the turn to see the river even if you don't improve. This can lead to a dangerous mindset, and you can become a calling station. First, consider each situation by itself, and then, add in other factors.
In the next section we will discuss more about pot odds, including implied odds and raising to give yourself correct pot odds.
For more information on poker odds and winning at poker, try the following links:
- To see all of our articles on poker rules and advice, go to our main article on How To Play Poker.
- For an introduction to the game, skim over these Poker Basics.
- So you think you've got the best hand. Maximize your winnings with these Poker Betting Tips.
- Have you calculated that your hand is a loser, but you think you can fake out the opposition? Be sure you know How to Bluff in Poker.
When you’re facing a bet on the river in Texas Hold’em, the vast majority of the time you will be contemplating a call to win the entire pot.
On the odd occasion however, you will be contemplating a call to split the pot. An example of this would be facing a bet on the river on a board of K K K 3 3 with a hand like AQo.
Annoyingly, you know that you can’t win the hand. The best outcome if you make the call is to share the pot with your opponent, rather than folding and definitely not winning anything.
So, how do you work out whether or not you should call to split the pot?
Firstly, let’s look at the math for calling to win a full pot.
Whether or not we make a call on the river depends on two things:
- The size of the bet in relation to the size of the pot.
- What we think our chances are of having the best hand.
We then compare the bet and pot size (giving us the pot odds) to our estimation of our chances of having the best hand to work out whether or not a call is profitable.
A quick example.
We are on the river and our opponent bets $5 in to a $10 pot. This means we have to call $5 to win a $15 pot.
Therefore, our pot odds are 3 to 1, or 25%. (see the poker odds conversion table for more on this)
This means that we need to think we have the best hand here at least 25% of the time (or 1 time in 4) to make the call profitable. Easy stuff.
But what if the best we can hope for when we call is to split the pot, instead of winning it entirely?
Math of calling to win a split pot.
If you can only hope to win half the pot, you simply half the total pot size when working out your pot odds. So using the same example above where our opponent bets $5 in to a $10 pot:
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- Calling to win the full pot = $15 to $5 => 3 to 1 => 25%
- Calling to split the pot = $7.5 to $5 => 1.5 to 1 = 40%
This means that instead of needing to have the best hand at least 25% of the time, you now need to have to have the “best” hand 40% of the time to break even.
I say “best”, but we’re not going to have the “best” hand because it’s only going to be equally as good as our opponents if we are hoping for a split pot. To put it another way, we need to think we are making the correct decision at least 40% of the time.
So as a rule of thumb:
If you’re thinking of calling to split the pot, work out your pot odds using half the current pot size and go from there.
Converting the ratio odds in to a percentage is the tricky bit, but that will come with time and practice. You should ideally be familiar with the process of needing the best hand X% of the time (as mentioned at the start of the article) already anyway. This is merely a slight variant of that.
hoRatio is a handy downloadable program that converts ratio odds in to percentages and vice versa.
Example of the strategy behind calling to split the pot.
The game is $50NL.
Preflop.
We are dealt 3s 3c in the BB. Everyone folds to the button who raises to $1.25. The SB folds and well call with our pocket pair.
Flop: T Jh Qc ($2.75)
Our opponent checks and we check behind.
Turn: T J Q K ($2.75)
Our opponent checks and we check behind again.
River: T J Q K 9 ($2.75)
The 9 on the river puts a straight on the board.
Our opponent bets $2 in to the pot. Should we call to try and split the pot, or fold?
Working out the minimum % time we need to be correct.
We need to call $2 to win a $4.75. However, because we can only hope to spit the pot, we are actually calling $2 to win $2.375.
This gives us odds of roughly 1.2 to 1 (2.375 to 2 simplified), which is roughly 45%.
What are our chances of being correct?
We only lose if our opponent has an ace.
We believe that our opponent would have bet the turn for value with an ace a good 75% of the time. Therefore, because he didn’t bet the turn it means that there is a 75% chance that he does not have an ace and that we have hands of equal strength.
We only need to think we are correct 45% of the time, so because we believe we are splitting the pot around 75% of the time it makes it +EV to call.
If we fold we are making less money over the long run because we are missing out on the extra winnings from the times we are correct to make the call to split the pot.
Final thoughts on calling to split the pot.
There are two loose schools of thought that can lead you to make incorrect plays when faced with the decision to call to split the pot.
- “If splitting the pot is the best I can hope for, then I may as well fold and save my money.”
- “I’ve already invested so much money in this pot that I may as well call to try and get some of my money back.”
Try not to think about split pots so negatively or optimistically. Instead, use the math to work out how often you need to be correct for a call to be profitable.
All you need to do is simply half the size of the pot and work out the percentage odds from there.
- If you think your odds of splitting the pot are greater than the pot odds, call.
- If you don’t think your odds of splitting the pot are greater than the pot odds, fold.
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